The Ultimate Base Layer Guide

In this guide we run through everything you need to know about base layers. Including the benefits of base layers, the different base layer materials, how base layers should fit and how to wear base layers in both cold and warm weather.

Base layers are clothes worn closest to your skin to help keep you warm while absorbing sweat. These are especially useful in cold climates or during certain sports, for example running, cycling or skiing.

What do Base Layers do?

Base layers have an array of benefits. However, the main benefits of base layers are:

Temperature Control

Base layers offer both ventilation and breathability, meaning they can keep you cool in a warm environment but also warm when the cold sets in. Because of this, the right base layers can help regulate your temperature and keep you comfortable whatever the weather.

Wicking

Base layers are known for wicking. This is when moisture is moved from the skin to the fabric. This is why wicking fabrics are widely popular for sports clothing as they can remove sweat and keep your skin dry.

What Materials are Base Layers Made From?

Merino Base Layers

One of the most popular fabrics for base layers is merino wool. This is sourced from merino sheep so is guaranteed to feel both soft and comfortable. As well as this, merino wool boasts breathability and warmth, so is ideal for cooler climates. Unlike a lot of other materials, it’s also naturally anti-bacterial, meaning it will resist odors.

Synthetic Materials

While merino wool is an excellent natural material for base layers, some man-made materials can also be used. For example, polyester with lycra or elastane make stretchy and comfortable base layers. They tend to be hard wearing and quick drying, but can hold onto unpleasant odors over time.

How Should Base Layers Fit?

Base layers are meant to cling to your body and act as a second skin, so when trying on a base layer ensure it feels snug and tight against your skin so clothing can be layered on top. That being said, they shouldn’t be too tight where you may feel restricted, as flexibility is key for the activities base layers are designed for, especially for outdoor activities like hiking and climbing. 

If in doubt, always aim to buy base layers in your usual size without going a size up or down.

What are the Different Types of Base Layer Clothing?

There are a wide range of base layers available, designed for different climates and activities. You may require multiple base layers dependent on your plans.

Tops

 - Vest style base layers – These types of base layers are the most lightweight and therefore ideal for warm temperatures or sports.

 - Short-sleeved base layers – T-shirt style base layers are perfect for activities where you’re likely to sweat, such as running or cycling. Because of the short sleeves they can easily wick moisture away from the armpits.

 - Long-sleeved base layers – Perfect for trips to cooler climates, long sleeved base layers will keep you both warm and dry.

Bottoms

 - Base layer leggings – The most popular base layers for your bottom half are leggings. These are suitable for both men and women and are available in a variety of thickness grades depending on your activity. These are perfect for both sports and colder climates due to their versatility.

- Base layer shorts – Base layers are also available in shorts, which are ideal for warmer weather or activities where you’re likely to be sweating a lot.

Cold Weather Base Layer Guide

During winter months, or if you’re venturing to a colder climate, base layers are a must. To keep you warm, it’s best to opt for both a base layer on your top half and your bottom half. After this, we’d recommend adding mid layers on top, followed by outer layers. While base layers typically remove sweat, mid layers help by trapping the warmth. Outer layers, such as jackets or fleeces, then help to protect you against the weather.

Warm Weather Base Layer Guide

Unlike our recommendations for cold weather, when the weather is warm it’s best to stick to just base layers and avoid mid layers or outer layers which are designed to trap heat. Instead opt for a vest or t-shirt mid layer and some shorts or leggings. These are perfect whether you’re out for a walk in hot weather or if you’re running or cycling.

For more on how the right performance clothing can up your performance, check out more here.